Study finds GMO feed safe for livestock, highlights productivity gains

ETHIOPIA – Researchers from Arba Minch University and Borana University have found that genetically modified (GMO) feed does not negatively affect livestock health or productivity, reinforcing its potential role in modern feed systems.

The findings, published in the Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, come as global feed markets face increasing pressure to improve efficiency, nutritional value and resilience against climate and disease-related shocks.

GMO crops are widely used in feed production. 

They are engineered to improve yield, pest resistance and nutrient profiles. 

Common examples include genetically modified maize and soybean, which form the backbone of commercial livestock feed globally.

The Ethiopian study found that animals fed GMO-based diets showed no adverse effects on growth performance, health status, or production outcomes. 

Researchers applied the concept of “substantial equivalency,” a standard scientific method for comparing genetically modified crops with their conventional counterparts.

Results showed that GMO feed is nutritionally comparable to non-modified feed.

This is significant for the feed industry.

Feed accounts for up to 70% of livestock production costs. 

Higher-yielding, more resilient GMO crops can stabilise supply and reduce input costs, particularly in regions facing climate variability and land constraints.

However, the study also acknowledges ongoing concerns.

Public debate around GMO feed remains active. 

Key issues include potential long-term health risks, environmental impact, gene transfer to wild species and biodiversity loss. 

Questions have also been raised about antibiotic resistance and allergenicity.

The researchers note that although no harmful effects were observed, some compositional differences between GMO and conventional feed warrant further investigation to understand their biological relevance fully.

Implications for feed systems in Africa

For Africa, the findings are particularly relevant.

The continent faces persistent feed shortages, high input costs and low livestock productivity. 

Expanding the use of GMO feed ingredients could help stabilise supply chains and improve feed efficiency, especially in poultry and dairy systems.

Countries such as South Africa have already adopted GMO crops at scale, particularly maize and soybean used in feed formulations. 

However, adoption remains limited in many other African markets due to regulatory restrictions and public perception challenges.

As demand for animal protein continues to grow, pressure is increasing to adopt technologies that improve feed availability and performance.

The study adds to a growing body of evidence supporting the safety of GMO feed, but also highlights the need for continued research, transparent regulation and stakeholder engagement to address concerns and enable wider adoption across the continent.

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